Lord Byron - Wikipedia. The Right Honourable. The Lord Byron. FRSBorn. George Gordon Byron(1. January 1. 78. 8London, England. Died. 19 April 1. Rolled Steel Products offers the following types of Stainless Steel Flat Rolled Coil Austenitic stainless steels contain chromium and nickel (300 Series types) as well as chromium, nickel and manganese (200 Series types). Most stainless slit coils can be All are. Everyone wants that answer! There's only one kind of love that can fill us up, make us whole, and give us the happiness we all want: Unconditional Love or 'Real Love'. How can you find Real Love? Visit the Finding Real Love page and get the FREE Real Love Report. From family to marriage, divorce to retirement, taxes and estate planning, WIFE.org was created to empower you to make the best possible decisions that will help you create exactly the life you want, on your own terms. Find out more about Candace Bahr and. Dissertation Writing Service Write My Essay Write My Paper order now limited time offer! Missolonghi, Aetolia, Ottoman Empire (present- day Aetolia- Acarnania, Greece)Resting place. Church of St. Mary Magdalene, Hucknall, Nottinghamshire. Occupation. Poet, politician. Nationality. English. Alma mater. Trinity College, Cambridge. Literary movement. Romanticism. Notable works. Spouse. Anne Isabella Milbanke (m. Partner. Claire Clairmont. Children. Ada, Countess of Lovelace. Allegra Byron. Signature. Member of the House of Lords. Lord Temporal. In office. May 1. 79. 8 . Among his best- known works are the lengthy narrative poems, Don Juan and Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, and the short lyric poem, . Often described as the most flamboyant and notorious of the major Romantics, Byron was both celebrated and castigated in life for his aristocratic excesses, including huge debts, numerous love affairs . Cardinal Beaton and heiress of the Gight estate in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. His treatment of her was described as . Byron himself used this surname for a time and was registered at school in Aberdeen as . At the age of 1. 0, he inherited the English Barony of Byron of Rochdale, becoming . He was born on 2. January in lodgings at Holles Street in London. Procrastination definition, the act or habit of procrastinating, or putting off or delaying, especially something requiring immediate attention: She was smart, but her constant procrastination led her to be late with almost every assignment. NRMCA, National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, Expanding the Concrete Industry Through Promotion, Advocacy, Education, Leadership. Do you want to compare your truck mixer fleet to industry norms? We thought so and here's your chance. A better world IS possible. The Findhorn Foundation is a model for the future; it is also a charitable trust. Being in Findhorn reminds me that powerful and positive visions for the future can be realised. I constantly ask myself how I can integrate this sense of joy. Catherine moved back to Aberdeenshire in 1. Byron spent his childhood. Catherine regularly experienced mood swings and bouts of melancholy. As a result, she fell even further into debt to support his demands. It was one of these importunate loans that allowed him to travel to Valenciennes, France, where he died in 1. His mother proudly took him to England, but the Abbey was in an embarrassing state of disrepair and, rather than live there, she decided to lease it to Lord Grey de Ruthyn, among others, during Byron's adolescence. Described as . Her drinking disgusted him, and he often mocked her for being short and corpulent, which made it difficult for her to catch him to discipline him. She once retaliated and, in a fit of temper, referred to him as . Langley- Moore questions the Galt claim that she over- indulged in alcohol. Upon the death of Byron's mother- in- law Judith Noel, the Hon. Lady Milbanke, in 1. He obtained a Royal Warrant allowing him to . The Royal Warrant also allowed him to . It is speculated that this was so that his initials would read . Lady Byron eventually succeeded to the Barony of Wentworth, becoming . William Glennie, in Dulwich. Bailey, he was encouraged to exercise in moderation but could not restrain himself from . His mother interfered with his studies, often withdrawing him from school, with the result that he lacked discipline and his classical studies were neglected. In 1. 80. 1 he was sent to Harrow, where he remained until July 1. Byron fell in love with Mary Chaworth, whom he met while at school. In short, the boy is distractedly in love with Miss Chaworth.! Sure some stronger impulse vibrates here,Which whispers friendship will be doubly dear. To one, who thus for kindred hearts must roam,And seek abroad, the love denied at home. The following autumn he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge. His voice first attracted my attention, his countenance fixed it, and his manners attached me to him for ever. This statement, however, needs to be read in the context of hardening public attitudes toward homosexuality in England, and the severe sanctions (including public hanging) against convicted or even suspected offenders. During this time, with the help of Elizabeth Pigot, who copied many of his rough drafts, he was encouraged to write his first volumes of poetry. Fugitive Pieces was printed by Ridge of Newark, which contained poems written when Byron was only 1. Becher, on account of its more amorous verses, particularly the poem To Mary. The savage, anonymous criticism this received (now known to be the work of Henry Peter Brougham) in the Edinburgh Review prompted his first major satire. It was put into the hands of his relation, R. Dallas, requesting him to . He also states that Byron had originally intended to prefix an argument to this poem, and Dallas quotes it. Dallas is writing that . Fondazione BEICAfter his return from his travels, he again entrusted R. Dallas as his literary agent to publish his poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, which Byron thought of little account. The first two cantos of Childe Harold's Pilgrimage were published in 1. About the same time, he began his intimacy with his future biographer, Thomas Moore. First travels to the East. Bettesworth's unfortunate death at the Battle of Alv. He travelled with Hobhouse for the first year and his entourage of servants included the trusty butt of the young men's humour, William Fletcher, Byron's valet. The Napoleonic Wars forced him to avoid most of Europe, and he instead turned to the Mediterranean. The journey provided the opportunity to flee creditors, as well as a former love, Mary Chaworth (the subject of his poem from this time, . For most of the trip, he had a travelling companion in his friend John Cam Hobhouse. Many of these letters are referred to with details in Recollections of the Life of Lord Byron. Hodgson in which he describes his mastery of the Portuguese language, consisting mainly of swearing and insults. Byron particularly enjoyed his stay in Sintra that is described in Childe Harold's Pilgrimage as . From Lisbon he travelled overland to Seville, Jerez de la Frontera, C. It has been suggested that the two had an intimate relationship involving a sexual affair. The will, however, was later cancelled. The offer was not accepted. While Salsette was anchored awaiting Ottoman permission to dock at the city, on 3 May 1. Byron and Lieutenant Ekenhead, of Salsette's Marines, swam the Hellespont. Byron commemorated this feat in the second canto of Don Juan. He returned to England from Malta in July 1. HMS Volage. England 1. He was sought after at every society venue, elected to several exclusive clubs, and frequented the most fashionable London drawing- rooms. Involved at first in an affair with Lady Caroline Lamb (who called him . However, in 1. 81. Augusta Leigh. Rumours of incest surrounded the pair; Augusta's daughter Medora (b. Byron's. To escape from growing debt and rumour, Byron pressed his determination to marry Annabella, who was said to be the likely heiress of a rich uncle. They married on 2 January 1. Ada, was born in December of that year. However Byron's continuing obsession with Augusta (and his continuing sexual escapades with actresses and others) made their marital life a misery. Annabella considered Byron insane, and in January 1. The scandal of the separation, the rumours about Augusta, and ever- increasing debts forced him to leave England in April 1. In the summer of 1. Villa Diodati by Lake Geneva, Switzerland, with his personal physician, the young, brilliant and handsome John William Polidori. There Byron befriended the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, and Shelley's future wife Mary Godwin. He was also joined by Mary's stepsister, Claire Clairmont, with whom he had had an affair in London. Kept indoors at the Villa Diodati by the . Mary Shelley produced what would become Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus, and Polidori was inspired by a fragmentary story of Byron's, Fragment of a Novel, to produce The Vampyre, the progenitor of the romanticvampiregenre. Byron wintered in Venice, pausing his travels when he fell in love with Marianna Segati, in whose Venice house he was lodging, and who was soon replaced by 2. Margarita Cogni; both women were married. With the help of Father H. Avgerian, he learned the Armenian language. He co- authored English Grammar and Armenian (Angleren yev hayeren grakanutyun) in 1. Armenian Grammar and English (Hayeren yev angleren grakanutyun) in 1. Armenian. His two main translations are the Epistle of Paul to the Corinthians, two chapters of Movses Khorenatsi's History of Armenia and sections of Nerses of Lambron's Orations. On returning to Venice, he wrote the fourth canto of Childe Harold. About the same time, he sold Newstead and published Manfred, Cain and The Deformed Transformed. The first five cantos of Don Juan were written between 1. Countess Guiccioli, who found her first love in Byron, who in turn asked her to elope with him. Here he continued Don Juan and wrote the Ravenna Diary and My Dictionary and Recollections. It was about this time that he received visits from Shelley, as well as from Thomas Moore, to whom he confided his autobiography or . I get up, quite contrary to my usual custom . After breakfast we sit talking till six. From six to eight we gallop through the pine forest which divide Ravenna from the sea; we then come home and dine, and sit up gossiping till six in the morning. I have just met on the grand staircase five peacocks, two guinea hens, and an Egyptian crane. I wonder who all these animals were before they were changed into these shapes. For the first time since his arrival in Italy, Byron found himself tempted to give dinner parties; his guests included the Shelleys, Edward Ellerker Williams, Thomas Medwin, John Taaffe and Edward John Trelawney; and . Byron decided to have his own yacht, and engaged Trelawny's friend, Captain Daniel Roberts, to design and construct the boat. Named the Bolivar, it was later sold to Charles John Gardiner, 1st Earl of Blessington, and Marguerite, Countess of Blessington, when Byron left for Greece in 1. His last Italian home was Genoa, where he was still accompanied by the Countess Guiccioli, and the Blessingtons, providing the material for Lady Blessington's work: Conversations with Lord Byron, an important text in the reception of Byron in the period immediately after his death. Venizelos Mansion, Athens (the British Ambassador's residence)Byron was living in Genoa when, in 1. Greek independence from the Ottoman Empire. When Byron left Genoa, it caused . The vessel was launched only a few miles south of Seaham Hall, where in 1. Byron married Annabella Milbanke. Between 1. 81. 5 and 1. England and Canada. Roland Barthes - Wikipedia. Roland G. Barthes' ideas explored a diverse range of fields and he influenced the development of schools of theory including structuralism, semiotics, social theory, design theory, anthropology and post- structuralism. Roland Barthes was born on 1. November 1. 91. 5 in the town of Cherbourg in Normandy. His father, naval officer Louis Barthes, was killed in a battle during World War I in the North Sea before Barthes' first birthday. His mother, Henriette Barthes, and his aunt and grandmother raised him in the village of Urt and the city of Bayonne. When Barthes was eleven, his family moved to Paris, though his attachment to his provincial roots would remain strong throughout his life. Barthes showed great promise as a student and spent the period from 1. Sorbonne, where he earned a license in classical letters. He was plagued by ill health throughout this period, suffering from tuberculosis, which often had to be treated in the isolation of sanatoria. They also exempted him from military service during World War II. While being kept out of the major French universities meant that he had to travel a great deal for teaching positions, Barthes later professed an intentional avoidance of major degree- awarding universities, and did so throughout his career. During this time, he contributed to the leftist Parisian paper Combat, out of which grew his first full- length work, Writing Degree Zero (1. In 1. 95. 2, Barthes settled at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, where he studied lexicology and sociology. During his seven- year period there, he began to write a popular series of bi- monthly essays for the magazine Les Lettres Nouvelles, in which he dismantled myths of popular culture (gathered in the Mythologies collection that was published in 1. Consisting of fifty- four short essays, mostly written between 1. Many of his works challenged traditional academic views of literary criticism and of renowned figures of literature. His unorthodox thinking led to a conflict with a well- known Sorbonne professor of literature, Raymond Picard, who attacked the French New Criticism (a label that he inaccurately applied to Barthes) for its obscurity and lack of respect towards France's literary roots. Barthes' rebuttal in Criticism and Truth (1. Marxism. By the late 1. Barthes had established a reputation for himself. He traveled to the US and Japan, delivering a presentation at Johns Hopkins University. During this time, he wrote his best- known work, the 1. Barthes continued to contribute with Philippe Sollers to the avant- garde literary magazine Tel Quel, which was developing similar kinds of theoretical inquiry to that pursued in Barthes' writings. In 1. 97. 0, Barthes produced what many. Throughout the 1. Barthes continued to develop his literary criticism; he developed new ideals of textuality and novelistic neutrality. In 1. 97. 1, he served as visiting professor at the University of Geneva. In 1. 97. 5 he wrote an autobiography titled Roland Barthes and in 1. S. In the same year, his mother, Henriette Barthes, to whom he had been devoted, died, aged 8. They had lived together for 6. The loss of the woman who had raised and cared for him was a serious blow to Barthes. His last major work, Camera Lucida, is partly an essay about the nature of photography and partly a meditation on photographs of his mother. The book contains many reproductions of photographs, though none of them are of Henriette. On 2. 5 February 1. Roland Barthes was knocked down by a laundry van while walking home through the streets of Paris. One month later, on March 2. Sartre's What Is Literature? In Writing Degree Zero (1. Barthes argues that conventions inform both language and style, rendering neither purely creative. Instead, form, or what Barthes calls . A writer's form is vulnerable to becoming a convention, however, once it has been made available to the public. This means that creativity is an ongoing process of continual change and reaction. In Michelet, a critical analysis of the French historian Jules Michelet, Barthes developed these notions, applying them to a broader range of fields. He argued that Michelet's views of history and society are obviously flawed. In studying his writings, he continued, one should not seek to learn from Michelet's claims; rather, one should maintain a critical distance and learn from his errors, since understanding how and why his thinking is flawed will show more about his period of history than his own observations. Similarly, Barthes felt that avant- garde writing should be praised for its maintenance of just such a distance between its audience and itself. In presenting an obvious artificiality rather than making claims to great subjective truths, Barthes argued, avant- garde writers ensure that their audiences maintain an objective perspective. In this sense, Barthes believed that art should be critical and should interrogate the world, rather than seek to explain it, as Michelet had done. Semiotics and myth. For example, the portrayal of wine in French society as a robust and healthy habit is a bourgeois ideal that is contradicted by certain realities (i. He found semiotics, the study of signs, useful in these interrogations. Barthes explained that these bourgeois cultural myths were . However, the bourgeoisie relate it to a new signified: the idea of healthy, robust, relaxing experience. Motivations for such manipulations vary, from a desire to sell products to a simple desire to maintain the status quo. These insights brought Barthes in line with similar Marxist theory. Barthes used the term . In this work he explained how in the fashion world any word could be loaded with idealistic bourgeois emphasis. Thus, if popular fashion says that a . In the end Barthes' Mythologies became absorbed into bourgeois culture, as he found many third parties asking him to comment on a certain cultural phenomenon, being interested in his control over his readership. This turn of events caused him to question the overall utility of demystifying culture for the masses, thinking it might be a fruitless attempt, and drove him deeper in his search for individualistic meaning in art. Structuralism and its limits. Barthes split this work into three hierarchical levels: . That character would be an . Barthes was able to use these distinctions to evaluate how certain key . For example, key words like . By breaking down the work into such fundamental distinctions Barthes was able to judge the degree of realism given functions have in forming their actions and consequently with what authenticity a narrative can be said to reflect on reality. Thus, his structuralist theorizing became another exercise in his ongoing attempts to dissect and expose the misleading mechanisms of bourgeois culture. While Barthes found structuralism to be a useful tool and believed that discourse of literature could be formalized, he did not believe it could become a strict scientific endeavour. In the late 1. 96. The post- structuralist movement and the deconstructionism of Jacques Derrida were testing the bounds of the structuralist theory that Barthes' work exemplified. Derrida identified the flaw of structuralism as its reliance on a transcendental signifier; a symbol of constant, universal meaning would be essential as an orienting point in such a closed off system. This is to say that without some regular standard of measurement, a system of criticism that references nothing outside of the actual work itself could never prove useful. But since there are no symbols of constant and universal significance, the entire premise of structuralism as a means of evaluating writing (or anything) is hollow. He travelled to Japan in 1. Empire of Signs (published in 1. Japanese culture's contentment in the absence of a search for a transcendental signifier. He notes that in Japan there is no emphasis on a great focus point by which to judge all other standards, describing the centre of Tokyo, the Emperor's Palace, as not a great overbearing entity, but a silent and nondescript presence, avoided and unconsidered. As such, Barthes reflects on the ability of signs in Japan to exist for their own merit, retaining only the significance naturally imbued by their signifiers. Such a society contrasts greatly to the one he dissected in Mythologies, which was revealed to be always asserting a greater, more complex significance on top of the natural one. In the wake of this trip Barthes wrote what is largely considered to be his best- known work, the essay . Barthes saw the notion of the author, or authorial authority, in the criticism of literary text as the forced projection of an ultimate meaning of the text. By imagining an ultimate intended meaning of a piece of literature one could infer an ultimate explanation for it. But Barthes points out that the great proliferation of meaning in language and the unknowable state of the author's mind makes any such ultimate realization impossible. As such, the whole notion of the . Indeed, the idea of giving a book or poem an ultimate end coincides with the notion of making it consumable, something that can be used up and replaced in a capitalist market. Indeed, the notion of the author being irrelevant was already a factor of structuralist thinking. Textuality and S/Z. He concludes that since meaning can. In his S/Z (1. 97. Barthes applies this notion in an analysis of a short story by Balzac called Sarrasine. The end result was a reading that established five major codes for determining various kinds of significance, with numerous lexias throughout the text . From this project Barthes concludes that an ideal text is one that is reversible, or open to the greatest variety of independent interpretations and not restrictive in meaning. A text can be reversible by avoiding the restrictive devices that Sarrasine suffered from such as strict timelines and exact definitions of events.
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